What each cell measures
Each cell compares this vendor's synthetic responses against real human respondents in that demographic subgroup —
published survey ground truth, not a model's guess about the subgroup.
Higher = closer to how that real subgroup actually answered.
Demographic conditioning here is not stereotyping: every conditioned
score is checked against what real subgroup members said, not against
assumptions about them — and where the vendor's output diverges from
the real subgroup, the score drops.
- globalopinionqa — ground truth: Durmus et al. 2023, Anthropic — llm_global_opinions
- gss — ground truth: NORC at the University of Chicago — General Social Survey
- opinionsqa — ground truth: Santurkar et al., ICML 2023 — Whose Opinions Do LLMs Reflect? (derived from Pew American Trends Panel)
- subpop — ground truth: Suh et al., ACL 2025 — SubPOP: Subpopulation-Level Opinion Prediction
Low-n cells:
cells with n < 30 are shown muted and tagged low n — suggestive only instead of color-graded; they are
reported for transparency, not as findings.
CIs:
"no CI — single run" marks point estimates from a single run with no
confidence interval yet; treat the uncertainty as unknown, never zero.
Columns:
Score = distributional parity (p_dist) restricted to the subgroup ·
p_cond = conditioning strength vs the unconditioned baseline ·
N = questions answered under that conditioning · Cov. = coverage
dot derived from N (green = high, ≥100 · amber = medium, 50–99 ·
red = low, <50). Topic tables: SPS = Survey Parity Score for the
topic · p_dist = 1 − mean(JSD) · p_rank = (1 + mean(τ)) / 2 ·
p_refuse = 1 − mean(|R_model − R_human|).
Multiple comparisons:
with this many subgroup cells, a few extreme cells are expected by
chance alone — read patterns across a dimension, not single cells.
Question-type breakdown
(7 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.859 | 0.791 | 0.927 | 1.000 | 2 |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.698 | 0.736 | 0.659 | 0.794 | 5 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.679 | 0.700 | 0.659 | 0.908 | 50 |
| Technology & Digital Life
low n — suggestive only
| 0.679 | 0.759 | 0.599 | 0.968 | 3 |
| General Attitudes | 0.656 | 0.711 | 0.602 | 0.891 | 11 |
| Politics & Governance | 0.641 | 0.654 | 0.629 | 0.778 | 22 |
| Trust & Wellbeing
low n — suggestive only
| 0.306 | 0.261 | 0.351 | 0.984 | 7 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on globalopinionqa.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(7 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.778 | 0.763 | 0.794 | 0.977 | 14 |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.777 | 0.720 | 0.833 | 0.981 | 4 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.732 | 0.736 | 0.729 | 0.974 | 33 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.699 | 0.698 | 0.700 | 0.975 | 9 |
| General Attitudes | 0.661 | 0.636 | 0.686 | 0.960 | 10 |
| Trust & Wellbeing
low n — suggestive only
| 0.602 | 0.657 | 0.546 | 0.951 | 3 |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.517 | 0.533 | 0.500 | 0.967 | 2 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on gss.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(7 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.790 | 0.734 | 0.846 | 0.977 | 14 |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.777 | 0.712 | 0.842 | 0.981 | 4 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.706 | 0.676 | 0.736 | 0.974 | 33 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.667 | 0.622 | 0.713 | 0.975 | 9 |
| Trust & Wellbeing
low n — suggestive only
| 0.624 | 0.614 | 0.634 | 0.951 | 3 |
| General Attitudes | 0.620 | 0.601 | 0.640 | 0.960 | 10 |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.517 | 0.533 | 0.500 | 0.967 | 2 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on gss.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(9 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Technology & Digital Life | 0.755 | 0.740 | 0.770 | 0.993 | 16 |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.731 | 0.801 | 0.660 | 0.994 | 6 |
| Economy & Work | 0.714 | 0.699 | 0.729 | 0.992 | 13 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.668 | 0.688 | 0.647 | 0.991 | 15 |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.658 | 0.656 | 0.659 | 0.985 | 27 |
| General Attitudes | 0.584 | 0.656 | 0.511 | 0.936 | 17 |
| Media & Information
low n — suggestive only
| 0.547 | 0.551 | 0.543 | 0.978 | 1 |
| Identity & Demographics
low n — suggestive only
| 0.539 | 0.486 | 0.591 | 0.995 | 1 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.535 | 0.587 | 0.483 | 0.981 | 4 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on subpop.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(8 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.751 | 0.760 | 0.742 | 0.819 | 9 |
| Technology & Digital Life | 0.730 | 0.746 | 0.714 | 0.915 | 25 |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.614 | 0.501 | 0.728 | 0.433 | 5 |
| General Attitudes | 0.542 | 0.548 | 0.535 | 0.502 | 18 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.536 | 0.520 | 0.552 | 0.457 | 10 |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.513 | 0.466 | 0.560 | 0.307 | 28 |
| Identity & Demographics
low n — suggestive only
| 0.506 | 0.394 | 0.618 | 0.038 | 1 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.401 | 0.346 | 0.455 | 0.353 | 4 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on subpop.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(8 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.855 | 0.844 | 0.866 | 0.524 | 5 |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.753 | 0.734 | 0.771 | 0.772 | 9 |
| Technology & Digital Life | 0.694 | 0.719 | 0.669 | 0.732 | 25 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.636 | 0.630 | 0.641 | 0.431 | 10 |
| General Attitudes | 0.543 | 0.545 | 0.541 | 0.460 | 18 |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.517 | 0.490 | 0.544 | 0.298 | 28 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.516 | 0.501 | 0.530 | 0.319 | 4 |
| Identity & Demographics
low n — suggestive only
| 0.506 | 0.394 | 0.618 | 0.072 | 1 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on subpop.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →
Question-type breakdown
(8 topics)
| Topic | SPS | p_dist | p_rank | p_refuse | N |
| Economy & Work
low n — suggestive only
| 0.796 | 0.780 | 0.811 | 0.828 | 9 |
| Health & Science
low n — suggestive only
| 0.724 | 0.634 | 0.814 | 0.510 | 5 |
| Technology & Digital Life | 0.667 | 0.706 | 0.629 | 0.715 | 25 |
| International Relations & Security | 0.618 | 0.643 | 0.593 | 0.465 | 10 |
| General Attitudes | 0.597 | 0.564 | 0.631 | 0.442 | 18 |
| Politics & Governance
low n — suggestive only
| 0.524 | 0.536 | 0.512 | 0.261 | 4 |
| Social Values & Religion | 0.518 | 0.495 | 0.542 | 0.248 | 28 |
| Identity & Demographics
low n — suggestive only
| 0.250 | 0.000 | 0.500 | 0.005 | 1 |
Topics with N < 10 are muted and tagged
"low n — suggestive only": too few questions for a stable
3-decimal score.
Not yet measured
This vendor has no demographic-conditioned runs for age, geography,
education, or any other subgroup dimension on subpop.
No cells are fabricated — scores appear here only when a
conditioned run actually measured them.
How to submit a demographic-conditioned run →